• A bone marrow transplant (BMT) is a procedure that replaces unhealthy bone marrow with healthy stem cells. It's used to treat certain cancers and other diseases.

  • What Is Bone Marrow Transplant?

    A bone marrow transplant (BMT) is a medical procedure used to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy stem cells. It is also known as a stem cell transplant. This procedure is used to treat various diseases, including blood cancers and severe blood disorders.

  • Bone marrow transplant three types such as Autologous, Allogeneic, and Umbilical cord blood transplant.

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    Uses the patient’s own stem cells.

    Stem cells are collected, frozen, and later reintroduced.

    Often used for conditions like lymphoma or multiple myeloma

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    Uses stem cells from a donor.

    Donor can be a sibling, parent, or unrelated matched donor.

    Used for conditions like leukemia and aplastic anemia.

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    Uses stem cells from a newborn’s umbilical cord.

    Beneficial for patients who cannot find a matched donor.

  • Who Needs a Bone Marrow Transplant?

    Bone marrow transplantation is used to treat diseases that affect the bone marrow, including:

    • Blood Cancers: Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma
    • Non-Cancerous Blood Disorders: Aplastic Anemia, Sickle Cell Disease, Thalassemia
    • Immune System Disorders: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
    • Metabolic Disorders: Hurler Syndrome, Adrenoleukodystrophy

  • How Does the Bone Marrow Transplant Procedure Work?

    Preparation (Conditioning Therapy)

    Chemotherapy and/or radiation to destroy diseased bone marrow.

    Suppresses the immune system to prevent rejection.

    Stem Cell Collection

    Stem cells are collected from the patient (autologous) or donor (allogeneic).

    Bone Marrow Transplantation (Infusion)

    Stem cells are infused into the patient’s bloodstream through an IV.

    Engraftment & Recovery

    New stem cells travel to the bone marrow and start producing healthy blood cells.

    This process takes 2-4 weeks.

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  • Risks and Complications

    • Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (in allogeneic transplants)
    • Infections due to a weakened immune system
    • Organ damage (lungs, liver, kidneys)
    • Bleeding and anemia
    • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

    Recovery and Aftercare

    Hospital stay: 3-4 weeks (varies by patient)

    Full immune system recovery: 6 months to a year

    Lifestyle changes: Avoid infections, maintain a healthy diet, regular follow-ups

    Success Rates

    Depends on disease type, donor match, and patient health

    Leukemia survival rates: 50-70% (with a matched donor)

    Non-cancerous disorders: 80-90% success rate

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